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Unit Information
Bonding corresponds to chapter 11 in the text Foundations of College Chemistry by Hein and Arena.
Polarity

Animation on molecule polarity.  The discussion of geometry in the beginning of each segment is unimportant as of right now.

Here's another video on polarity.

Sigma and Pi Bonds
Sigma bonds are formed when orbitals from two different atoms overlap (combine) to form a bonding orbital that contains the shared electrons.  Pi bonds are ONLY found in double and triple bonds.  The reason is because the sigma bond of the first bond takes up the area immediately between the two atoms.  Therefore, if a double or triple bond is to be formed, the electrons must be distributed around the sigma in lobed bonding orbitals called pi bonds.
Here is a nice diagram of a double bond that would be found in C2H4:
Here is a diagram of a triple bond, as seen in the molecule ethyne (acetylene) or C2H2:

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Last update: Monday, June 21, 2010